Jack Benny has been called both the father of modern comedy
and the father of post-modern comedy, and either title would be apt, though
perhaps the latter is a better fit because without Benny there would be no
Garry Shandling, Jerry Seinfeld, or Larry David, all comedians who exploit a
self-referential, unflattering version of themselves for their popular TV
series. But Benny had done all that decades before, both on his popular
long-running radio show and the TV series that evolved from it and ran for 15
years from 1950-65. While Shandling's late 1980s series It's Garry Shandling's Show is considered innovative for
"breaking the fourth wall," reveling in its artificiality, including
the audience and show staff as participants and characters, and using crude
sight gags chosen specifically for their phoniness, Benny had done all that,
too. The show was all about the comedian Jack Benny and his show, serving up a
riff on Shakespeare's "play within the play" for comic effect.
Shandling joked about his hair and sexual prowess, or more often lack thereof,
while Benny portrayed himself as vain, self-important, and excessively miserly,
not unlike a certain George Costanza of Seinfeld
whom Larry David has admitted was modeled after himself. The only difference is
that Constanza is an unremitting failure, whereas Benny is and was a successful
performer, though not irreplaceable, as demonstrated in the episode "Final
Show of the Season" (May 1, 1960) in which Benny's sponsors haul out an
animatronic dummy that mimics his mannerisms of folding his arms and turning
his head for comic effect.
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Benny was also very aware that people at that time saw him,
like Berle, as members of the old guard of comedy, and when he decided to move
the show from bi-weekly to weekly for the 11th season in the fall of 1960, he
dedicated his first show, "Nightbeat Takeoff" (October 16, 1960), to
having friends like George Burns advise him against going to a weekly format,
particularly at his advanced age. He continues to insist that people love him,
even after a terrifying nightmare in which he is grilled by Mike Douglas about
why he thinks he can do a weekly show and having his adoring fans throw rocks
through his windows.
But the rigors of a weekly show may have been one reason why
the production recycled skits from previous broadcasts, as mentioned in the
Rochester racist affair above. One favorite plot that got repeated airplay was
the annual "Christmas Shopping" skit in which Jack goes Christmas
shopping for various employees and causes all sorts of problems in the process.
The "Christmas Shopping" episode for Season 11 (December 18, 1960)
was one first aired on radio in 1948. In this version Benny is shopping for a
wallet for Don Wilson and decides to repeatedly change the inscription on the
accompanying greeting card, driving the beleaguered sales clerk, played by Mel
Blanc, to suicide. Though suicide hardly seems like a comic subject, doing the
skit even 12 years after its original performance cracks Benny up when he
interacts with the increasingly frenzied Blanc.
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The music for the series was composed and conducted by
Mahlon Merrick, who had joined Benny's radio program in 1937. He was born in
1900 in Farmington, Iowa and attended what later became Washington State
University, graduating in 1923 (in the 1940s he would write the school's fight
song). After teaching music for 3 years, he became a professional saxophone
player, eventually moving to Los Angeles and working in radio orchestras.
Besides working on a number of radio shows, sometimes under the pseudonym of
Gene LaGrande, Merrick also provided music for The Abbott and Costello Show, The
George Burns and Gracie Allen Show, The
Bob Cummings Show, and Blondie.
He also composed the "Look Sharp March" for the Gillette Cavalcade of Sports. When Benny's program ended in 1965,
Merrick retired to Palm Springs and died of cancer on August 7, 1969 at the age
of 69.
As mentioned above, there is a disorganized collection of
various episodes from the show's 15 years issued by low-budget outfits like
Alpha Video, Passport Video, and Echo Bridge, many containing the same
episodes. Some of these episodes are also available on youtube.com. The
aforementioned "Lost Episodes" released by Shout! Factory contains
selected episodes from 1956-64 and includes bonus material such as a couple of
Benny's later TV specials and newsreel footage from the 1940s. From calendar
year 1960, there are a total of 11 episodes available--6 on youtube and 6 in
the "Lost Episodes" set, with 1 episode (the "Milton Berle
Show") appearing in both.
The Actors
Jack Benny
Benjamin
Kubelsky was born in Chicago and grew up in Waukegan, Illinois. He began
studying the violin from the age of 6, taking lessons at one time from Otto
Graham, Sr., father of Hall of Fame quarterback Otto Graham, Jr. By age 14 he
began playing with dance bands and by 17 was playing in local vaudeville
theaters. Here he was seen by Minnie Marx, mother of the Marx Brothers, and
asked to join their outfit, but his father refused to let him go on the road at
age 17. He then formed a musical duo with pianist Cora Salisbury, during which
time he was forced to change his name due to legal proceedings from another
performer named Jan Kubelik and took the stage name of Ben K. Benny. When
Salisbury left, Benny replaced her with Lyman Woods and the two began adding
comedy bits into their routine. He joined the Navy during World War I and was
forced to develop his comedic skills further when he was booed while trying to
entertain the troops with his violin playing. After the war he began to get
more work combining his newly developed comedic talents with music. In 1922 he
met his future wife Sadye Marks while attending a Passover seder with Zeppo
Marx, though at the time he was 27 while she was 14 and disliked him enough to
go to his next performance and heckle him from the front row, according to one
version of the story. After a couple more chance encounters over the next five
years, they married, and she became a collaborator and performer from that
point forward, taking the stage name Mary Livingstone, until her increasing
stage fright caused her to give up performing. Jack first made his mark in
radio after a brief unsuccessful stint in movies with MGM; he appeared on Ed
Sullivan's radio show in 1932 and later that year began to host his own program
on NBC. The popular show ran for 16 years and made Benny a national figure
before moving over to CBS in 1949. That same year he made his first television
appearance on the initial broadcast of Los Angeles station KTTV. The following fall
The Jack Benny Program made its television debut, initially as a series
of five specials. The next season it aired once every six weeks, going to once
every four weeks in 1952-53, and once every three weeks in 1953-54. It then
aired every other week starting in the fall of 1954 until the fall of 1960 when
it became a weekly broadcast. For five years he was appearing both on radio and
television, finally ending his radio show in May of 1955, though CBS ran reruns
until 1958.
His
television show was finally canceled by CBS in 1964 and he moved over to NBC
for one last season, then decided to cancel the series himself, having grown
weary of the chase for ratings. He continued to host occasional specials and
appeared on shows hosted by his friends Bob Hope, Ed Sullivan, Johnny Carson,
Joey Bishop, Dinah Shore, and many others. He also made multiple appearances as
himself on shows such as Here's Lucy and Rowan & Martin's
Laugh-In. His last appearances were as roaster and roastee on The Dean
Martin Celebrity Roast, In December 1974 he was diagnosed with inoperable
pancreatic cancer, and he died at his home on December 26 of that year. His
wife Mary Livingstone outlived him by 9 years, passing away June 30, 1983.
Eddie Anderson
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Despite
playing a servant for most of his career, Anderson became quite wealthy, making
over $100,000 per year, such that he could afford to hire his own valet, and he
owned a company that made parachutes during World War II and owned race horses,
one of which ran in the Kentucky Derby. He returned to films in a small role in
It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World in 1963 (Benny had a cameo in the same
film), and occasionally appeared on other TV programs, usually as Rochester,
such as The Red Skelton Hour and Bachelor Father. After The
Jack Benny Program went off the air, he appeared in single episodes of It
Takes a Thief and Love American Style, the movie Watermelon Man,
and provided the voice for Bobby Joe Mason on the animated Harlem Globe
Trotters and The New Scooby Doo Movies. He died of heart failure on
February 28, 1977 at the age of 71. After his death his son established the
Eddie Rochester Anderson Foundation for assisting homeless substance abusers.
Don Wilson
Don Wilson was born in Lincoln, Nebraska in 1900 and played
football for the University of Colorado in the 1920's. He was a radio singer at
Denver radio station KFEL in 1923 and by 1929 had a similar role at KFI in Los
Angeles. He then went on to work as a sportscaster, covering the opening of the
1932 Summer Olympics. He was working as a radio announcer two years later for
George Gershwin's program Music by Gershwin when
Jack Benny heard him and insisted that he be hired for his program. At 6 feet
and 300 pounds, Wilson quickly became a constant target of Benny's jokes about
his girth, though he also occasionally had acting roles on the show in addition
to reading the commercials and forever trying to get Benny to approve commercial
jingles sung by the vocal quartet The Sportsmen. Though Wilson continued
working for Benny through the remainder of his radio career and his entire
television career, he also took occasional outside work. He had actually made
his first film appearance, though uncredited, before joining Benny in the 1932
feature Million Dollar Legs. He was the
narrator for the 1938 Disney animated short Ferdinand the Bull
and appeared in Du Barry Was a Lady, Sailor Beware, and Marilyn Monroe's
Niagara, not to mention Benny's own
Buck Benny Rides Again. He also
made rare TV appearances, such as on The Red Skelton Hour,
Death Valley Days, and as the TV
announcer Walter Klondike on two episodes of Batman. He was a
regular performer on the 1946 daytime comedy Glamour Manor. In
the late 1960s and early 70s he was the spokesman and commercial voice of
Western Union's Candygrams. He and his fourth wife Lois Corbet retired to the
Palm Springs area in the late 1960s and together hosted a local TV talk show
called Town Talk into the mid 1970s. He
died of a stroke at his Cathedral City home on April 25, 1982 at the age of 81.
Dennis Day
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Frank Nelson
Frank Brandon Nelson was born in Colorado Springs, Colorado
and by age 15 was working as a radio announcer in the Denver area. At age 18 he
moved to Hollywood and found work as a radio actor in dramas and comedies such
as Flywheel, Shyster, and Flywheel, which also
starred Groucho and Chico Marx. He began playing announcers in movies, often
uncredited, in 1937 and first appeared on television on The Hank McCune Show in 1950. Nelson
developed a comedic character with a distinctive catchphrase, a high-pitched,
unctious, drawn-out "Yes?" that made him instantly recognizable,
though he often was first shown with his back to the camera. On The Jack Benny Program he played a
variety of department store floorwalkers, ticket agents, and other customer
service roles, delivering sarcastic answers to Benny's questions. He performed
a similar role playing Ralph Ramsey on I Love Lucy and
had multiple appearances on a variety of shows through the decades from Our Miss Brooks to Sanford and Son. He also continued
doing voicework on animated shows such as The Mister Magoo Show
and The Flintstones with the last
performance of his career coming on the 1994 series Garfield
and Friends. He died from cancer on September 12, 1986 at the age
of 75, but his legacy lives on in occasional parodies on shows such as The Simpsons and Jon Stewart's
mannerisms on The Daily Show.
Notable Guest Stars
Season 10, Episode 11, "Jack
Is Arrested for Disturbing the Peace": Mel Blanc (the voice of countless
cartoon characters, including Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, Elmer Fudd,
Foghorn Leghorn, Sylvester the cat, and Barney Rubble on The Flintstones) plays a drunk in lockup. Frank Gerstle (Dick Gird
on The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp
and voice of Raseem on The Banana Splits
Adventure Hour) plays the lockup policeman. Herb Vigran (Judge Brooker on Gunsmoke) plays an investigating
policeman. Olan Soule (Aristotle "Tut" Jones on Captain Midnight, Ray Pinker on Dragnet
(1952-59), and Fred Springer on Arnie)
plays the court clerk. Lewis Charles (Lou on The Feather and Father Gang) plays a criminal in lockup.
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Season 10, Episode 14, "Easter
Show": Barbara Nichols (played Ginger on Love That Jill) plays Jack's girlfriend Mildred Meyerhouser. Madge
Blake (see her biography in the post for The Real McCoys) plays Jack super-fan Clara. Mel Blanc (see "Jack Is Arrested for
Disturbing the Peace" above) plays Jack's violin teacher Prof. Pierre
LeBlanc.
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Season 11, Episode 1, "Nightbeat
Takeoff": Mike Wallace (co-host of PM
East/PM West and host of Nightbeat,
The Mike Wallace Interview, and 60 Minutes) plays himself. George Burns
(starred in The Big Broadcast, Here Comes Cookie, A Damsel in Distress, The
Sunshine Boys and the Oh God! trilogy
and played himself on The George Burns
and Gracie Allen Show, The George
Burns Show, and Wendy and Me)
plays himself. Tony Curtis (starred in Houdini, Sweet Smell of Success, Some
Like It Hot, The Defiant Ones, The Great Race, and The Boston Strangler and played Danny Wilde on The Persuaders!, McCoy on McCoy,
and Roth on Vega$) plays himself.
Robert Wagner (see "Natalie Wood/Robert Wagner " above) plays himself.
Johnny Green (composer, arranger and
pianist) plays himself.
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Season 11, Episode 4, "Hong
Kong Suit": Rolfe Sedan (Mr. Beasley the Postman on The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show and Mr. Briggs the Postman
on The Addams Family) plays barbershop
owner Andre. Richard Deacon (Sherman Hall on The Charles Farrell Show, Roger Finley on Date With the Angels, Uncle
Archie on Walt Disney Presents: Annette,
Fred Rutherford on Leave It to Beaver,
Mel Cooley on The Dick Van Dyke Show,
and Roger Buell on The Mothers in Law)
plays Harry the barber. Shirley Mitchell (Yvonne Sharp on Sixpenny Corner, Kitty Devereaux on Bachelor Father, Janet Colton on Pete and Gladys, and Clara Appleby on The Red Skelton Hour) plays Goldie the manicurist. Iris Adrian (Dottie
on The Ted Knight Show) plays Mildred
the manicurist. Gisele MacKenzie (singer and musician who played herself on The Gisele MacKenzie Show and Katherine
Chancellor on The Young and the Restless)
plays herself.
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Season 11, Episode 7, "Lunch
Counter Murder": Dan Duryea (starred in The Little Foxes, The Pride
of the Yankees, Scarlet Street,
and Winchester '73 and who played
China Smith in China Smith and The New Adventures of China Smith and
Eddie Jacks on Peyton Place) plays a
murder gang leader. Verna Felton (the voice of the fairy godmother in Disney's Cinderella and played Hilda Crocker on December Bride and Pete and Gladys) plays Dennis Day's mother.
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